Can PCOS cause infertility?

PCOS is one of the most common hormonal disorders causing infertility. It is one of the leading causes of infertility in females of reproductive age. However, having PCOS does not always mean it will result in infertility. The right diagnosis and accurate treatment can help patients conceive and give birth to a healthy child.

What is PCOS?

PCOS stands for polycystic ovary syndrome— it is a hormonal disorder characterized by an imbalance of the hormones that regulate reproductive health, including higher than normal androgen levels. Women with PCOS may experience irregular or absent menstrual periods, unexplained weight gain, excess facial or body hair, and acne, and an ultrasound may reveal multiple small cysts on the ovaries. Diagnosis is based on the presence of at least two of three features—signs of elevated androgens, irregular ovulation, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound—so ovarian cysts alone do not confirm PCOS. The effect of PCOS on fertility is most often due to irregular ovulation, which reduces the chances of conception. PCOS is one of the major factors of infertility caused by ovulation problems— it causes irregular or absent periods, making it difficult to predict ovulation and plan intercourse during the fertile window. PCOS can also result in insulin resistance and metabolic disturbances resulting in weight gain, which can cause diabetes and hypertension in the long-term.

Can women with PCOS conceive naturally?

This is the most common question asked by PCOS patients and the answer is YES. PCOS can be easily managed by lifestyle modifications that can help with weight loss and help with hormonal imbalances. Once normal hormonal levels are restored with proper diet plans and workout routine, ovulation becomes predictable and natural conception can occur.

Diagnosis of PCOS-Related Fertility Issues

PCOS can be diagnosed by a fertility expert. When a patient has a history of irregular menstruation, weight gain, acne, or difficulty conceiving, PCOS is suspected and relevant investigations are advised by the doctor. These usually include routine blood tests to assess the hormonal profile and an ultrasound that may reveal multiple cysts on the ovaries. Once an accurate diagnosis is confirmed, a treatment plan can be prescribed.

Treatment options for hormone-related infertility

Hormone-related infertility treatments due to PCOS usually begin with conservative management. A healthy diet that includes fertility-friendly foods, combined with regular exercise to reach a healthy weight, can significantly increase the chances of conception. Even a 5–10% reduction in body weight can help normalise hormonal levels and improve fertility. However, if conservative management is not effective, doctors often prescribe medications (hormonal therapy) to restore hormonal balance in PCOS. Female infertility treatment caused by PCOS can be resolved using single or a combined hormonal therapy. During infertility treatment for couples it is important to look into male factor as well. Male infertility treatment options are also available to help restore fertility.

If pregnancy does not occur with initial treatment, infertility can also be treated using assisted reproductive techniques such as IVF, IUI, and ICSI.

Conclusion

It is true that PCOS can cause infertility through its effect on hormones and ovulation. However, it is equally important to understand that infertility caused by PCOS can be treated with the right expert, an accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment.

NJINSKY IVF & Fertility Centre

At Njinsky IVF & Fertility Clinic, our doctors take their time to understand your condition. We offer a comprehensive diet plan and treatments to treat PCOS. Our experienced fertility specialists utilize the latest evidence-based treatments to help patients achieve successful pregnancies and fulfill their dream of parenthood.